SV-1 vibration screen thesis

Contents

Introduction

1. Equipment of the drilling circulation system

1.1 Drilling circulation system

1.2 Purpose and main requirements of circulation system

1.3 Drilling mud preparation devices

1.4 Drilling mud cleaning devices

1.4.1 Hydromechanical cleaning and degassing devices

drilling fluids

1.5 Pumps

1.5.1 Slurry Pumps

1.5.2 Drilling pumps

2. Vibrosieve

3. Patent Information Overview

4. Basic Parameters and Technical Proposal

to modernize the vibration screen

4.1 Technical Proposal

4.2 Characteristics of VS- vibration screen

4.2 Electromechanical Vibrator Characteristics

5. Strength calculations

5.1 Calculation of vibration screen shaft for fatigue strength

5.2 Check for dynamic lifting capacity

vibration bearings

6. Economic part

7. Project safety and environmental friendliness

Conclusion

List of used literature

Application

Summary

This diploma project considered the modernization of the vibration screen

CB - 1. The object of the invention is to improve the operation of the vibrating screen and to increase the service life of the cassette.

This is achieved by adjusting the imbalance variance. For this purpose adjustment screws are welded to the unbalances themselves. As a result, the amplitude of the vibration screen is adjusted. Depending on the rock drilled from the face, the amplitude can be adjusted at any stage of the drilling process. Strength calculations of vibration screen elements were made. In addition, when the vibrator fails, an electric vibrator can be installed, for this purpose a channel welded to the housing of the vibrator is used. The general view of the electric vibrator is attached in the drawing part of the project.

Task

for degree design

Topic of the project (work) Modernization of the vibration screen

Content of the calculation and explanatory note (list of issues to be developed): 1. Purpose and principle of circulation system operation; 2. Units used for drilling mud preparation and cleaning; 3. Types of vibrations; 4. Patent Information Overview; 5. Technical Proposal for Vibration Sieve Modernization; 6. Strength calculations; 7. Economic justification; 8. Project safety and environmental friendliness. ________________________________________

List of graphic materials (with exact indication of required drawings): 1. Drilling fluid circulation diagram; 2. Diagram of the circulation system equipment complex; 3. Patent Information Overview (2 sheets); 4. General view of the vibration screen; 5. Assembly vibration; 6. Detailing; 7. Modernization and method of cassette fixation; 8. Electra vibrator; 9 Feasibility study __________________________________________

Introduction

At present, a whole range of different drilling fluids has been created, which make it possible to facilitate drilling wells in difficult mining and geological conditions. However, the use of solutions based on reactive reagents, improper technology for changing the developed drilling fluid and non-compliance with waste disposal rules has a harmful effect on the subsoil and the environment. It would be possible to eliminate the negative impact of solutions on the environment by creating environmentally friendly solutions, but this is very difficult and sometimes practically impossible. Therefore, the issues of thorough cleaning of drilling fluids, their regeneration and burial of spent fluids are of paramount importance. Regeneration of drilling fluids also contains an economic effect, since the cost of special solutions is quite high. In the overall balance of drilling time in recent years in major oil producing countries, the cost of drilling fluid treatment equipment is increasing, which is associated with an increase in the average depth of wells .

Drilling mud cleaning is one of the most important stages during drilling operations. Drilling fluid during rock destruction is saturated with sludge, which leads to an intensive increase of its structural and mechanical properties, which, in turn, lead to a sharp decrease in mechanical drilling speeds, resistance of rock destroying tool, wear of hydraulic equipment and create a threat of accidents and complications in the well. According to the data available in the literature, reduction of the solid phase content in drilling fluid by 1% increases the performance of the rock destroying tool by 7-10%. Based on this, it can be said that the drilling speed will depend on the quality of the drilling fluid entering the well after its regeneration. During drilling, the drilling tool is heated, the high-quality drilling fluid performs its faster cooling, which also affects the drilling speed. The viscosity of the solutions, which is a derivative of the content and composition of the solid fraction, has a noticeable effect on the mechanical drilling speed. Increasing the viscosity of the solution also requires high pump capacity for pumping, which leads to additional costs. Thus, solid phase cleaning of drilling cuttings is a prerequisite for drilling operations. When cleaning drilling fluid with complete separation of sludge, normal well drilling conditions are ensured. By the method of cleaning drilling mud from sludge, it can be divided into natural, forced and combined.

The solid particles contained in the drilling fluid are divided into colloids, silts and sands with dimensions of < 0.02 mm, respectively; 0.020.8 and > 0.8 mm. The smaller the particle size, the more difficult it is to separate it from the drilling fluid.

Natural cleaning methods are based on spontaneous deposition in the circulation system - in gutters and settling tanks. Moreover, the greater the depth of the well, the greater the settling system, The flow rate in the troughs for normal solutions is 0.15-0.18 m/s, which is achieved by installing the troughs under a certain slope. However, for efficient operation of the trough system, it is necessary to continuously remove from the non-drilling cuttings, which is practically difficult to perform, since this work is carried out manually. Therefore, after 2-3 hours, the cleaning capacity of the trough system is noticeably reduced. The negative side of the natural purification method is the large loss of solution (10-15%) and the difficulty of monitoring its parameters.

The forced cleaning method includes: mechanical using sieves; hydraulic by centrifugation in hydrocyclones and centrifuges; physicochemical - introduction of flocculants and diluents.

As a result of this work, cleaning of drilling mud using forced methods is considered.

The main equipment for mechanical cleaning of drilling mud from solid particles is vibration sieves, which are most widespread both in our country and abroad.

Drilling mud cleaning devices

The drilling mud cleaning system includes: vibration sieve - designed for coarse cleaning of drilling mud; hydromechanical devices for cleaning and degassing drilling mud are designed for fine cleaning. In the course of our work, the modernization of the VC1 vibration screen was considered.

Patent Information Overview

In this work, the author's evidence in the field of drilling mud cleaning is considered. All selected certificates can be divided into two groups, as presented on A1 sheets. The first group is directly author's evidence in the field of modernization of the vibration screen. The second group of copyright certificates is the modernization of the circulation complex as a whole. Consider the author's evidence.

3.1 Copyright Certificate No. 1260505 A1

Method of drilling mud cleaning includes successive cleaning of mud from mud on main vibrating sieve, hydrocyclone and unloading of mud umbrellas of hydrocyclones onto sieve surface of additional vibrating sieve. In order to increase cleaning efficiency due to higher degree of cleaning and reduced loss of drilling mud, sludge from the main vibration sieve is transferred to an additional one, and discharge of sludge umbrellas is carried out simultaneously with movement of sludge.

invention relates to mining industry, namely to oil and gas production, and can be used in cleaning solution from drilled rock.

A method for two-stage cleaning of drilling fluid in a circulating system is known, comprising vibrating on sieve surfaces and separating fine sludge fractions in a hydrocyclone. Closest to the disclosed method is a method of cleaning drilling mud, involving successive cleaning of mud from sludge on the main vibrating sieve, hydrocyclone and unloading sludge umbrellas of hydrocyclones on the sieve surface of the additional vibrating sieve.

The disadvantages of both methods are poor cleaning efficiency and loss of drilling fluid from the first cleaning stage. The object of the invention is to improve cleaning efficiency by increasing the degree of cleaning and reducing the loss of drilling fluid.

The above object is achieved by that, according to the method of drilling mud cleaning, which includes successive cleaning of mud from mud on the main vibrating sieve, hydrocyclone and unloading of mud umbrellas of hydrocyclones on the sieve surface of the additional vibrating sieve, mud from the main vibrating sieve is moved to the additional one, and mud umbrellas are unloaded simultaneously with mud movement.

Main Parameters and Technical Proposal for Vibration Screen Modernization

4.1 Technical Proposal

Based on the operation of the SB-1 vibrator by drilling enterprises, it can be concluded that one of the main defects is the rapid failure of the sieve cassettes. The average life of the cassette is 7-10 days. The reason for this short cassette service is a sufficiently large amplitude of 3.7 mm at 1130 rpm. (see drawing No. 6), in addition, the amplitude varies depending on the quantity of sludge supplied from the well. Considering the vibration, it can be concluded that the unbalances located on the screen at the full speed of rotation diverge by the full radius, which causes this amplitude. As a result of ingress of more sludge on the vibration screen, the amplitude decreases, which leads to uneven operation of the cleaning cassette, while the frequency remains unchanged due to the asynchronous motor installed on the vibration screen. To reduce the frequency, install limiters on the balance of the vibration (see drawing No. 8). This leads to incomplete divergence of unbalances around the axis of rotation (shaft) during operation of the vibration screen, unbalances diverge due to the occurrence of centripetal acceleration.

4.2 Characteristics of AC vibration screen - 1

Vibrosit VS-1 is intended for cleaning of clay solution, from drilled parody during drilling of oil and gas wells. Vibrosito is used as an integral part of the circulation complex. This sieve can operate in all climatic conditions on land.

Vibrosito has the following technical data:

- maximum throughput at installed cassettes with mesh cell 0.16 mm is, m3/s 0.038

- working surface at grid width 1300 mm, m2 2.67

- working surface with grid width 1000 mm, m2 1.8

- minimum particle size to be removed, mm 0.16

- electric motor power, kW 3

- oscillation frequency at amplitude 3.7 mm 1130

(when the speed decreases, the amplitude increases)

Before directing the clay solution flow, the screen surface must be wetted with water to prevent clogging of the cells. When the vibration screen stops for more than 15 minutes, it is necessary to wet the vibration screen with water.

The vibrating screen is the most worn part of the vibrating screen. Pressure on the mesh is not allowed, its inflections all these actions lead to wear of the cassette. During operation of the vibration screen, the amplitude occurs due to rotation of the vibration shaft of the vibration screen. As a result of rotation of the shaft at a frequency of 1130 rpm. At maximum difference of imbalances, amplitude of 3.7 mm occurs. As a result of drilling the well, when less solid rocks pass, the amount of drilled rock increases, and by increasing the drilling speed. As a result of the high amplitude and different amount of rock, various types of load occur on the cassette, which causes wear of the vibrating screen, since the amplitude changes. To reduce the impact of these loads, we use a limiter for the movement of debolances. As a result of a decrease in centripetal acceleration, as the debolances diverge by a smaller angle. The limiters shall be welded at an angle of 45 degrees to the debolance surface (see drawing No. 8). This angle allows you to adjust the wide range of disjoint.

4.3 Electromechanical Vibrator

If the screen vibrator fails, an electric vibrator may be installed. For this value, it is necessary to install a frame on the vibrator to attach the vibrators. To create vibration, two vibrators must be installed on the vibrator. The domestic industry at the moment produces vibrators on which eclectic vibrators are installed. These vibrators allow you to adjust the divergence of the unbalances, and, accordingly, the amplitude. The technical characteristics of the vibrator electrode are similar to the AC - 1 vibration screen:

- maximum throughput at installed cassettes with a mesh cell 0.2 mm is, m3/s 0.036

- minimum size of removed particles, mm 0.2

- electric motor power, kW (2) 3

- oscillation frequency at amplitude 3.7 mm 1400

- weight, kg. 2000-1500

When installing this vibrator, there is no need to lubricate the rotation elements, which leads to a simplification of the design and weight of the vibrator by 10%.

Conclusion

This diploma project presents a mechanism for limiting the movement of unbalances. This is achieved by adjusting the limiter mounted on the unbalance with two locking nuts. The adjustment makes it possible to adjust the amplitude at a constant speed. This action plan improves the operation of the vibration screen as a whole, and leads to savings in money by extending the life of the cassette by 3-4 times. Strength calculation of shaft and rolling bearing was performed. The environmental and economic part of the project has been completed.