Проект производства работ

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1 THEORETICAL PART

1.1. Natural and climatic characteristics of the construction area

1.2. Space-planning characteristics of the building

1.3 Selection of structures

2 Earthworks

2.1 Calculation of excavation volumes

2.2 Selection of a set of machines for earthworks

2.3 Excavation Technology

3 Technology of installation and construction works

3.1 Definition of Scope of Work

3.2 Selection of construction installation method

3.3 Selection of mounting mechanisms

3.4 Technology of installation of structures with selection of devices

3.5 Calculation of labor costs. Work Schedule

3.6 Construction plan. Define Storage Area

3.7 Quality control of works

4 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

CONCLUSION

LIST OF LITERATURE

Introduction

Construction production combines two subsystems: technology and organization of construction production, each of which has its own essence and scientific foundations.

The technology of construction production is the science of methods of performing construction processes during the construction of buildings and structures. At the same time, the concept of "method" includes the principles of performing construction processes based on various methods of erection for labor using labor tools.

The organization of construction production determines the essence and scientific foundations of pre-construction design and research, the interconnection of construction processes in time and space, the logistical support of construction, operational planning and production management.

In Russia, construction is mainly developing on an industrial basis - the direction of turning construction into a complex mechanized process of erecting buildings and structures from unified factory-made elements.

Currently, domestic builders continue to develop the main ways to improve capital construction and increase investment efficiency. To this end, the main focus is on ensuring the timely commissioning of fixed assets and production capacities, the concentration of fixed assets and resources on critical construction sites, the direction of investments primarily for the technical re-equipment and reconstruction of existing enterprises and for the completion of previously started construction projects, the reduction of construction time, the improvement of design, the implementation of construction on the most progressive and economical projects.

Measures are being taken to significantly reduce the cost of manual labor, to equip builders with high-performance machines and mechanisms, low-mechanization tools, and an effective mechanized and manual tool. The level of industrialization of construction production and the degree of factory readiness of building structures and parts is being further increased.

The implementation of these measures should ensure a significant increase in labor productivity in construction and will be determined by improving the labor protection of workers, a lot of attention to ecology and environmental protection.

Theoretical part

1.1. Natural and climatic characteristics of the construction area

The construction site is a school in the town of Smirny.

The construction area belongs to the III climatic area and is characterized by the following data:

- humidity zone is normal;

- design ambient air temperature - 160 С

- prevailing wind direction - east-west;

- average temperature of the coldest five-day period - 290 С;

- duration of heating period Z = 205 days.

- snow cover weight for the II snow area - 1.20 kPa (design);

- wind speed head for the V wind area - 0.60 kPa (standard);

- seismicity of the construction site - 8 points.

1.2. Space-planning characteristics of the building

The secondary school project was carried out on the basis of the approved land plan in the town of Smirny. The building is designed with a complex shape in plan, which is three rectangular blocks, separated by deformation joints. Each block has two floors. Ruberoid non-exploitable roof.

Special shafts are provided for functional support of the internal drain.

As an external wall fence, light concrete panels are adopted. The panel is a flat single-layer structure made of light or cellular concrete, reinforced with a spatial framework. Panels made of light concrete have outer and inner textured layers, 20 and 15 mm thick, respectively. Texture layers are designed from cement sand mortar with average density of 1800 kg/m3 of M100 grade. Panels are manufactured under factory conditions in accordance with GOST II02484.

1.3 Selection of structures

Bases

Foundations for external and internal walls are designed tape, prefabricated. They are mounted from railway blankets laid in one row on a sandy preparation with a thickness of 100 mm. Sand preparation is arranged from medium-sized sand with careful compaction. Concrete blocks of the foundation wall are installed in 2 rows. After installation of each row of FBS, joints between units are concreted with class B10. Masonry is carried out on a solution 20 mm thick. with dressing of seams. At the top of the foundation wall, an equalizing reinforced belt with a thickness of 100mm is made. Horizontal waterproofing is made of cement mortar with addition of liquid glass in two levels - between block-cushions and lower row of wall blocks and along edge of foundation.

Walls

In the design, the exterior walls are 640 mm thick. from a corpulent clay brick of 250х120х65 brand in size of M150 in accordance with GOST 748478 on tsementnopeschany solution of M50 brand. Internal load-bearing walls are made of solid masonry made of full clay brick of grade M 150 as per GOST 748478. wall thickness 380 mm.

Above the window and door openings there are prefabricated railway bars of the 1.03811 series as per GOST 94884. Operation in the spacers of load-bearing bars of at least 200mm, not bearing at least 100mm.

To ensure the strength of brickwork, it is provided to install steel links from reinforcement grids with a diameter of 4 mm, installed through 4-5 rows in height.

Overlappings

Prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs with circular voids are adopted in the building, the slabs meet the requirements as per GOST 956191. Slabs are made of B25 class concrete with pre-stressed reinforcement. The height of the plates is 220 mm, the diameter of the voids is 159 mm. Slabs are mounted on a layer of cement sand mortar by resting on walls of at least 120 mm.

Windows. Doors

The project adopted wooden window fillings with double glazing. Window boxes are isolated from brickwork by a layer of ruberoid along the entire perimeter. The seams between the box and the window are filled with mounting foam with insulation gasket. The boxes are attached to the walls by self-cutting. Glass with a thickness of 3.54 mm is used for glazing. Galvanized steel cast-protrusions designed for atmospheric water runoff are arranged from outside. Slopes are plastered outside and inside. Sill boards are installed on the side of rooms in openings.

Door blocks are external, and internal door blocks. They consist of door boxes with quarters and steel hinges, and door blind webs that are hung on these hinges.

Partitions

Partitions in the rooms are designed from 80 mm thick gypsum groove plates. - on glue. Partitions for toilet, shower and other rooms with air humidity of more than 60% are designed for partitions from hydrophobized gypsum groove plates.

Stairways and platforms

Stairways with frieze steps, prefabricated reinforced concrete and staircase platforms. Walks and platforms of ribbed structure. Marches rest on projections in support ribs of platforms .

Coverings

The load-bearing structures of the coating are multistage reinforced concrete panels with a support of at least 120 mm. To connect the slabs to the walls and to each other, anchoring is provided with their reinforcement with a diameter of 810mm, after 2-3 meters and sealing the joints with cement mortar. Anchoring with walls is performed by T-shaped anchors. Seams between panels are filled with cement sand mortar of grade not less than M100.

Roof

The roof is designed flat with an internal drain along a soft roof of 2 layers of the main roofing built-up roll waterproofing material.

Conclusion

The task of organizing the construction on the topic "Project for the construction of a secondary school in the village of Smirny" was completed in full, in accordance with the curriculum and is 3 sheets of the graphic part and 52 sheets of the explanatory note. The course project was carried out on the basis of literature accepted in construction, the purpose of which is to create the most modern and comfortable building. During the course project, the following are carried out: a schedule and a gene plan. The work on the course project made it possible to put into practice the results obtained during the training process.

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