NAOH evaporator with natural circulation

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Selection of structural material

3.Technological calculation

4. Structural calculation

5. Calculation of separation space

6. Calculation and selection of apparatus supports

7. Calculation of thermal insulation thickness

8. Calculation of barometric capacitor

9.Defining barometric pipe height

10. Calculation of the amount of sucked air. Vacuum Pump Design Selection

11. List of used literature

1. Introduction

1.1. Evaporation

Evaporation is the process of concentrating solutions of solids at boiling point by partially removing the solvent in a vaporous state. In the vast majority of cases, aqueous solutions of solids are subjected to evaporation, and the solvent removed is water vapor, called secondary steam. This process has become widespread in the chemical and related industries when concentrating solutions of acids, alkalis, mineral salts, sugar syrups, desalination of seawater, etc. Sometimes evaporation is completed by crystallization of substances (separation of the solid phase) from solutions in which part of the solvent is removed. The evaporation of solutions consumes a huge amount of heat, and the creation of evaporation plants - tens of thousands of tons of carbonaceous and alloyed steels, nickel and other metals. Therefore, a rational evaporation process is required on a case-by-case basis to ensure maximum evaporator capacity with minimal heat and metal consumption.

Evaporation methods are varied. These include:

- simple (single-body) evaporation;

- multi-body evaporation;

- evaporation using heat pump;

Evaporation is carried out in evaporators of various designs. They can be classified according to the following characteristics:

- by location of heating surface (horizontal, vertical);

- according to the method of action (for periodic and continuous);

- by the nature of the boiling fluid movement (with natural and forced circulation of the solution);

- by circulation multiplicity (with single and multiple circulation).

Structural Material Selection

Since the hot solution of sodium hydroxide causes corrosion of carbonaceous steels, all parts of the apparatus contacting the hot solution are made of 15X5M steel. Parts and parts of the evaporator not in contact with the solution are made of carbon steel St.3sp. The material of the gaskets is TMKSCH rubber made according to GOST 733890, resistant to acids and alkalis.

ВА F560 1-3 (с Труб реш)22.cdw