Heating of a 7-storey residential building, Kazan

Contents

Introduction

1. Heat engineering calculation of external enclosures

2. Calculation of heat losses by building rooms

3. Calculation of heat losses of the building according to enlarged indicators

4. Calculation of heating appliances

5. Hydraulic calculation of heating system pipelines

6. Description of Control Node Diagram

7. Calculation and selection of heat assembly equipment

List of literature

Introduction

In this project, a heating system for a seven-story 1 sectional residential building was developed and calculated. The construction area is the city of Kirov. Design ambient temperature = 33 ° С. The facade of the designed building is oriented south.

The following initial data for the course work are presented in the task:

• coolant temperature in external heat supply line T1 = 130 ° С;

• coolant temperature in the return heat line T2 = 70 ° С

The following issues are solved in the work - the constructive development of the water heating system; arrangement of heating equipment and valves; determination of heat losses of the building; hydraulic calculation of heating system pipelines; calculation of heating devices, selection of heat assembly equipment.

The graphic part of the project includes:

1. Typical floor plan (M 1:100);

2. Basement and attic plan (M 1:100);

3. Diagram of automated control node with specification.

(M 1:20)

4. Diagram of heating systems (M 1:100).

According to the task, we have a double-tube heating system with top wiring. In this system, the supply main pipeline is laid above the heating devices, and the return main pipeline is laid below. A supply riser is connected to the supply main line, which is located on the right side when viewed from the side of the room, and a return riser is connected to the return main line, which is located on the left at a distance of 80 mm from the supply. Connection of internal pipelines to external heat networks is carried out according to a dependent scheme. This means that the return water from the system is mixed with the high temperature coolant by means of a mixing pump located in the automatic control unit. The water flows through the pipelines according to the peak scheme: the water in the supply line flows in one direction, and in the reverse - in the opposite direction. Having evaluated the properties of various pipes for this heating system, it was decided to use steel water and gas pipes.

For heating of rooms section cast iron radiators MS-140-108 are used. In our country, the high level of you-start radiators remains. This is due to their corrosion resistance and durability, layout advantages with good thermal performance and high thermal power per unit length, i.e. compactness.

6. description of control node diagram

In buildings and structures, depending on their purpose, a constant or variable thermal mode is maintained. Maintenance of the required temperature conditions is ensured by changing the heat transfer to the premises. The operation of the heating system is effective if the heat transfer corresponds to the heat demand at each point in time. To do this, the heating system must have sufficient thermal power and the ability to vary the temperature within wide limits. The operation of the heating system needs to be controlled manually or automatically.

To control the operation, the heating system is equipped with instrumentation, signalling devices, shut-off and control valves.

The principle of operation of the control unit is as follows: using a weather regulator, depending on the ambient temperature, which is recorded by the temperature sensor, a signal is generated, which is supplied to the control valve. Heat carrier flow transducers, temperature and pressure sensors are installed on pipelines of supply and return lines. When the outside air temperature changes, the heat demand changes (up or down) depending on the weather regulator signal, the heat release changes by changing the coolant flow rate. The signal supplied to the control valve is transmitted to a heat calculator, which measures the temperature of the coolant in the supply and return main lines, processes the obtained data and then transmits the signal to the flow converter.

Mixing pump is installed on bridge between supply and return pipelines of heating system and it performs mixing and circulation functions. For additional cleaning of coolant from contaminants and suspended particles, mud maker and strainer are provided for supply pipeline. The control node diagram is shown on the drawing sheet, the equipment specification is given below.