Front loader with hydraulic system upgrade

Contents

Introduction

1. Patent and technical analysis

2. Substantiation of decisions taken to improve the designed equipment

3. Calculation of basic parameters

3.1 Selection and calculation of basic parameters of single bucket front loader

3.2 Determination of forces in actuating hydraulic cylinders

single bucket front loader

3.3 Determination of single bucket front loader performance

3.4 Traction calculation of the loader

3.5 Calculation of hydraulic system of loading equipment

3.6 Assessment of energy-saving hydraulic drive of single bucket

front loaders from energy saving position

4. Strength calculation

5. Calculation of part manufacturing

5.1 Analysis of Part Purpose and Processability

5.2 Selection of machining route

5.3 Calculation and assignment of allowances

5.4 Calculation of cutting modes

5.5 Selection of equipment and refinement of cutting modes

Introduction

For further successful acceleration of economic development, the leading place is given to science and technological progress, which is inconceivable without increasing production efficiency, labor productivity, as well as without rational use (saving) of existing resources, including energy. An important problem of our society at the present stage of development is the reasonable consumption of fuel and energy resources, since their reserves are limited and the cost is constantly growing. In this regard, the improvement of fuel and energy performance of machines and, in particular, single-bucket frontal loaders, which are widely used in many sectors of the domestic economy, are of great importance.

The production of single-bucket frontal loaders is growing every year. Together with replaceable working tools, they can perform construction, road, installation and other work. Loaders that have a set of replaceable working elements and are adapted to work with them are considered universal. Now there is a tendency to use hydrostatic transmissions on single-bucket front loaders, since they are less metal-intensive, provide better efficiency ratios (efficiency) and traction performance of the machine. For loaders with a hydraulic transmission and adjustable pumps and motors, control and automation of the working process are facilitated.

To increase the competitiveness of loaders, developers are faced with the task of increasing productivity and durability, reducing fuel consumption of newly created machines compared to existing samples.

Increasing the productivity and cost-effectiveness of loaders can be achieved by increasing average operating speeds and due to energy saving, as well as increasing the durability of hydraulic equipment using rational schemes and operating modes.

Currently, energy conservation issues are given great attention, there is a tendency to create energy-saving technologies and machines that meet these requirements. This direction is the co-building and the use of energy-saving hydraulic drives on single-bucket front loaders, which provide a reduction in power consumption during operation, increased productivity, fuel saving, reduced load of hydraulic equipment and increased service life.

One way to increase the efficiency of loaders and reduce fuel consumption is to recover energy during the operations of the working cycle, create machines with high efficiency and rationalize their operating modes.

The disadvantage of existing energy-saving hydropicides is that they recuperate the potential gravity energy of the loading equipment and the kinetic energy of the machine's translation into the GGP, which leads to significant energy losses in the latter and complexity of the design. Design diagrams of hydraulic drives and their operating modes are also not sufficiently rational. Thus, there is a need to further improve the hydraulic drives of single bucket front loaders in order to improve their efficiency.

2. Substantiation of decisions taken to improve the designed equipment.

Single bucket front loaders are the most common type of earth-moving equipment. Currently, foreign firms produce more than a hundred models of frontal pneumatic wheelloaders, which, in terms of their technical and economic indicators, meet the requirements of almost any buyer in both the domestic and foreign markets.

The main directions of improvement of wheel loaders "structures: increase of efficiency and economy of machines, creation of comfortable working conditions for the operator, improvement of operating and maintenance conditions, use of microprocessor systems for diagnostics of main units and units, control of working processes.

An important means of increasing the efficiency and technical level of single-bucket front loaders is to improve their hydraulic drives, create energy-saving systems, reduce fuel consumption and improve the technical and economic performance of the machine.

Analysis of literary sources showed the presence of a significant number of energy saving systems on single-bucket front loaders. The problem of developing an energy-saving hydraulic drive is dealt with by many domestic and foreign firms.

Based on the analysis of these works, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The efficiency of single-bucket front loader hydraulic drives within the framework of modern ever-increasing requirements for them is not at a sufficient level, which requires the search for new ways in this direction.

2. Design diagrams of energy-saving hydraulic drives and their operating modes are also not rational enough and require further improvement.

Based on the review and analysis of research work was

the task is to develop a design of an energy-saving hydraulic drive, which makes it possible to reduce fuel consumption, increase the life of hydraulic equipment and braking system, reduce engine load and tension.

The efficiency of a loader with an energy-saving hydraulic drive is due to the recovery of the energy of the braking processes of the machine, the conversion of the potential energy of the loading equipment into useful work during movement.

6 Calculation of cost-effectiveness of the project

6.1 Identification of the purpose and scope of the new technology

The loader is designed to load bulk and lump materials into vehicles and to carry out excavation and transport work on soils up to category III without preliminary loosening.

The loader can be used in industrial, civil and road construction, as well as in agriculture, in areas with a temperate climate in the temperature range from 20ْ s to + 40ْ s.

6.2 Base Case Selection

As a basic option, the front loader TO18 was taken.

Conclusion

In this diploma project, a front loader was developed with the modernization of the hydraulic system.

In this diploma project, a ripper was developed with improved traction properties.

In the diploma project there is graphic material represented by the following sheets: general view of the loader; combined diagram, control lever assembly drawing, pedal assembly drawing, process part, graphic part, and detail. The above calculations show the rationality and operability of this design. The economic section provides a technical and economic calculation, which shows the presence of an economic effect, due to the introduction of the developed design. The section "Safety and Environmental Friendliness" describes the basic rules for operating the loader, allowing to improve the safety of work on the machine.

Design of energy-saving hydraulic drive is proposed, which allows to reduce fuel consumption, increase life of hydraulic equipment and braking system, reduce load and tension of engine.

The efficiency of a loader with an energy-saving hydraulic drive is due to the recovery of the energy of the braking processes of the machine, the conversion of the potential energy of the loading equipment into useful work during movement.

The explanatory note shall include all items specified in the contents.

All standard and purchased products were selected in accordance with GOST.