Drawing of steam turbine K-55-65

Contents

CONTENTS

Job for Course Project

Introduction

1 Preliminary calculations

1.1 Determination of economic capacity and preliminary assessment of steam consumption

1.2 Selection of type of control stage and its heat transfer

1.3 Construction of turbine expansion process. Steam Flow Refinement

1.4 Determination of turbine power limit and exhaust number

1.5 Determination of the number of non-adjustable stages and their heat interferences

3 Calculation of last stage twist

4 Strength calculations

4.1 Calculation of axial force on the rotor in the first stage of HPH

4.2 Calculation of the last stage LPC rotor blade strength

4.3 Diaphragm Calculation

5 Calculation at organization of deteriorated vacuum Error! Bookmark is not defined

Conclusion

List of sources used

Job for Course Project

A steam turbine is a thermal engine in which the potential energy of steam is successively converted into the kinetic energy of the flow flowing from the nozzles, and from the kinetic energy into the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor on the rotor blades.

It is required to develop a flow part of a single-cylinder condensing turbine. It is necessary to:

- make preliminary calculations;

- perform detailed calculation of turbine flow section;

- calculate the last stage twist;

- perform strength calculations;

- make an individual task.

When the calculation is complete, you must complete the graphical part of the project.

Introduction

Initially, preliminary calculations are made to identify the performance indicators of a single-cylinder condensing turbine, which include determining the power and preliminary estimation of the steam flow, choosing the type of control stage and its heat transfer, constructing the turbine expansion process, refining the steam flow, determining the limit power of the turbine and the number of exhaust. Further, the number of non-adjustable turbine stages and their heat interferences is determined separately by compartments (HPH, HSD, LPC).

After that, detailed calculation of five stages of the turbine is performed: the first two (including the control one) and the last three, during which the main operating characteristics of the stages, geometric dimensions of the turbine elements are determined, blade profiles are selected. From the found energy losses in the stages, the efficiency is specified, and the internal power of the stages is calculated.

Then calculation of twist of the last stage of turbine is performed, as a result of which a graph of change of basic parameters by stage height is calculated.

After that, strength calculations are carried out: it is necessary to find the total axial force on the rotor; determine the tension and bending stresses in the root section of the rotor blades of the last stage, according to the values ​ ​ of which the fabrication material should be selected; calculate the maximum voltage in the diaphragm of the first stage of the HVD and its deflection from the current forces, select the fabrication material.

At the end of the calculation, an individual task is carried out, within the framework of which the option of reconstructing the designed turbine with the organization of an unregulated deteriorated vacuum is considered. The power of the turbine is estimated when organizing unregulated heating extraction.

At the end of the course design, a graphic part is performed, which includes a longitudinal section of the turbine, a diaphragm of the first stage and a rotor blade of the last stage.

Conclusion

In the course design, the flow part of the K-55-65 single-cylinder condensing turbine was calculated.

At the preliminary calculation stage, the economic capacity of the turbine is determined, which is Nec = 41.25 MW. One-day control stage with located heat transition h0pc = 90 kJ/kg and efficiency oipc = 0.77 is selected. The efficiency of the high pressure part oiHPA = 0,805, the average pressure part oiHPA = 0.89 and the low pressure part oiHPA = 0,766 are also determined.

The steam flow rate per turbine was G = 35.565 kg/s, the maximum turbine power Npr = 59.752 MW, therefore, the single-flow turbine with one exhaust .

Preliminary calculation of unregulated stages was carried out, as a result of which the total number of unregulated stages was established - 23 and separately for edema: HPV - 8; HSD - 9; LPC - 6.

After that, detailed calculation of five stages of the turbine was carried out: the first two (including the control one) and the last three, during which the main mode characteristics of the stages, geometric dimensions of the turbine elements were determined, blade profiles were selected. According to the found energy losses in the stages, the efficiency was specified, and the internal power of the stages was calculated.

Then calculation of twist of the last stage of the turbine was carried out, as a result of which a graph of change of the main parameters by stage height was built.

After that, strength calculations were carried out: the total axial force on the rotor was Rasum = 522627N; stretching tension rast =374.5 MPas and a bend izg =19.964 MPas in the root section of rotor blades of the last step according to which values production material - H15N70V5M4Yu2TR brand steel is selected; the maximum voltage in the diaphragm of the first stage of the HVD is calculated, which is max = 24.55 MPa and its deflection from the current forces is max = 1.6 mm, steel of the grade X14N18V2BR1 was chosen as the manufacturing material.

Upon completion of the calculation, an individual task was performed, within the framework of which the option of transferring the condensing turbine to a deteriorated vacuum was considered in two ways. In the first method, the pressure in the condenser increases and new heat transitions of the stages are sought, and in the second method, the last 3 stages of the turbine were removed, as a result of which the heat transition of the stage in front of them increased and an increase in the stress in the bending of the rotor blades and in the diaphragm was calculated due to an increase in the pressure difference.

At the end of the course design, a graphic part is made, which includes a longitudinal section of the turbine, a diaphragm of the first stage and a rotor blade of the last stage.

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