Drawing of cylindrical single-stage reduction gear box

Contents

Contents

Preface

Introduction

1 Regulatory references

2 Subjects of the course project and RWG

3 Composition and scope of the course project and RMG

4 Initial data for the course project and RWG

5 Calculation of total efficiency of the drive and required

my electric motor power

6 Electric motor selection

7 Determination of kinematic and power parameters of drive shafts

8 Selection of gear material

9 Calculation of spur gear

10 Calculation of chain transmission

11 Calculation of V-belt transmission

12 Design calculation of shafts

13 Gearbox sketch arrangement

13.1 Shaft Design

13.2 Preselection of bearings

13.3 Selection of engagement and bearing lubrication method

13.4 Selection of bearing unit covers and seals

13.5 Graphic part of gearbox sketch layout

14 Determination of internal force factors in shaft sections

15 Check calculation of bearings for durability

16 Check calculation of low-speed shaft

17 Key selection and strength test

18 General view drawing of reduction gear box

19 Requirements for the execution of the course project

Conclusion

List of literature

Appendix A - Example of the design of the cover sheet of the explanatory note of the course project

Appendix B - Standard Product Directory.. 64 Appendix B - Example of filling in the table of product composition

Appendix D - Example of job preparation for the course project

Appendix D - Abstract Design Example

Appendix Zh - Example of registration of "Introduction" of the explanatory note of the academic year project

Appendix Z - Example of execution of "Contents" of the explanatory note of the academic year project

Preface

The training manual was prepared in accordance with the working programs of the disciplines "Machine Details and Design Foundations," "Technical Mechanics," "Applied Mechanics" and "Mechanics" for full-time students studying in non-mechanical areas 131000.62, 140400.62, 240100.62, 260200.62, 260800.62.260100.

The working programs of the discipline provide for the implementation of a course project and calculation and graphic work on the topic "Design of a general-purpose mechanical drive." The course project is the first design development, during which the student acquires the knowledge and skills of designing the most typical types of general-purpose drives, as well as calculating its component elements: spur-shaped cylindrical, chain and V-belt gears. This training manual provides typical examples of the calculation and design of drives in accordance with the tasks for course design and RGR.

The material in the teaching manual is placed in a sequence corresponding to the order of the student's work on the course project. The main theoretical provisions and calculated dependencies are presented according to a single methodology, which is based on the main criteria for working capacity.

The training manual contains a sufficient amount of reference material necessary for performing the basic calculations of typical types of drives and mechanical gears.

For the development and execution of drawings of mechanisms and parts, the students must use atlases of structures of machine parts.

Introduction

This training manual contains brief theoretical information on the calculation and design of an important part of machines and equipment - a mechanical drive, as well as its component elements: spur, chain and V-belt gears.

The implementation of the course project and the RGR is based on the knowledge of physiomatematic and general technical disciplines: mathematics, the theory of machines and mechanisms, material resistance and engineering graphics. During the course project, students must learn to use the knowledge gained in the study of these disciplines to solve practical design problems related to kinematic, power and strength calculations that ensure the reliable functioning of the mechanical drive.

Purpose of the course project and RRG:

- teach students the basics of calculation and design methods using the example of a general-purpose mechanical drive; consolidate and deepen theoretical knowledge of mechanics, applied (technical) mechanics, machine parts and design basics;

- to develop the skills of students to carry out engineering calculations according to the criteria of design operability, to make technological and design decisions when performing the graphic part of the project, to design the text and graphic parts of the course project.

During the project, students should master the main provisions of the ESKD, the organization and unification of parts and assemblies of machines. During the work on the course project, students master the ability to use technical and reference literature, atlases of typical structures of assemblies and general-purpose parts.

The knowledge and experience acquired by students during the course of the second project and RGR on machine details and fundamentals of design, mechanics, applied (technical) mechanics is the basis for the implementation of subsequent course projects in special disciplines and graduate design.

1 Regulatory references

References to the following regulatory documents are used in this training manual:

GOST R 1.52004 Standards National RF. Rules of construction, presentation, design and designation.

GOST R 7.0.52008 SIBID. Bibliographic reference. General requirements.

GOST 2.10268 ESKD. Types and completeness of design documents.

GOST 2.10368 ESKD. Stages of development.

GOST 2.1042006 ESKD. Title blocks.

GOST 2.10696 ESKD. Text documents.

GOST 2.10973 ESKD. Basic drawing requirements.

GOST 2.11873 ESKD. Technical proposal.

GOST 2.11973 ESKD. Sketch design.

GOST 2.12073 ESKD. Technical project.

GOST 2.30168 ESKD. Formats.

GOST 2.30268 ESKD. Scale.

GOST 2.30368 ESKD. Lines.

GOST 2.30481 ESKD. Drawing fonts.

GOST 2.30568 ESKD. Image, views, dimensions, sections.

GOST 2.30668 ESKD. Graphic material symbols and drawing rules.

GOST 2. 30768 ESKD. Dimensioning and trimming lines.

GOST 2.30879 ESKD. Specifies feature control frame tolerances and surface locations in drawings.

GOST 2.309 73 ESKD. Specifies the surface texture symbol.

GOST 2.31068 ESKD. Application of coating, thermal and other treatment symbols on the drawings.

GOST 2.31568 ESKD. Simplified and conditional images of fasteners.

GOST 2.3162008 ESKD. Drawing rules for inscriptions, specifications and tables.

GOST 2.40375 ESKD. Rules for execution of working drawings of cylindrical gears.

GOST 2. 40868. ESKD. Rules for execution of working drawings of sprockets of drive roller chains.

GOST 105088 High-quality carbon structural steel.

GOST 1284.189 Drive wedge belts of normal sections. Basic dimensions and control methods.

GOST 141285 Cast iron with plate graphite for castings.

GOST 164381 Basic interchangeability standards. Gear gears are cylindrical. Tolerances.

GOST 312870 Cylindrical non-hot pins.

GOST 454371 Alloyed structural steel. Grades and specifications.

GOST 640270 Spring washers, H- normal type.

GOST 663669 Normal linear dimensions.

GOST 779870 Hexagonal head bolts of accuracy class B.

GOST 833875 Single row radial ball bearings.

GOST 875279 Rubber cuffs reinforced for shaft sealing.

GOST 956360 Gear modules.

GOST 1173884 Screws with cylindrical head and hexagonal "turnkey" recess of accuracy class A.

GOST 1356897 Drive roller and bushing circuits. General specifications.

GOST 1473469 End washers. Design.

GOST 1653083 Gear gears. General terms, definitions and designations.

GOST 1653183 Gear cylindrical terms, definitions and designations.

GOST 1653270 Gears gear cylindrical, involute external engagement. Calculates geometry.

GOST 1851173 End covers are blind. Design and dimensions.

GOST 1851273 End covers with opening for cuff seal.

GOST 2079988 Industrial oils. Specifications.

GOST 2088988 Pulleys for drive V-belts of normal sections. General specifications.

GOST 2135487 Gears gear cylindrical involute external engagement. Strength calculation.

GOST 2142493 Elastic bushing-pin couplings. Parameters and dimensions.

GOST 2336078 Basic interchangeability standards. Key connections with prismatic keys. Dimensions of keys and sections of pa-call. Tolerances and fits.

GOST 2534689 Basic interchangeability standards. Unified tolerance and fit system.

GOST 2534782 Unified system of tolerances and fits. Tolerance fields.

Composition and scope of the course project and RMG

The course design consists of a text part (explanatory note) and a graphic part - drawings.

The Explanatory Note of the CP and RWG should justify and confirm the correctness of the decisions taken, contain calculated and other materials on all issues under consideration. The volume of the explanatory note is from 35 to 40 pages of A4 format according to GOST 2.301. The graphical part of the course design is performed on 2 or 3 sheets of A1 format and consists of drawings of the general view of the assembly units (reduction gear box and coupling), made at the level of the technical design, and working drawings of individual typical parts (slow-moving shaft and gear wheel).

Requirements for the execution of the course project

The course design consists of a text part (explanatory note) and a graphic part. The explanatory note (DBE) shall contain all non-workable calculations, its volume shall be 30-35 sheets of A4 format.

The explanatory note consists of:

- cover sheet (Annex A);

- design tasks (Appendix D);

- abstract (Appendix D);

- contents (appendix Zh);

- Introduction (Annex I);

- regulatory references;

- main part (design);

- conclusions (main project results);

- list of sources used;

- applications.

The abstract provides information on the number of pages, illustrations, tables, sources used, for example, 25 p., 9 Fig., 2 Table, 5 sources of information. After that, keywords and the word "dance" (from 5 to 18) are given, taken from the text of the explanatory note of the course project, which most characterize its content and impress the possibility of an information search. The key words of the reference are given in the nominative case and are written in capital letters in a line through commas. The abstract text should contain: development object; Project objective, results; scope of application. The abstract should not exceed 0.7 pages.

The content includes: introduction, name of all sections, subsections, conclusion, list of used sources with indication of pages on which they are placed in PP.

The introduction of the DBE shall contain the basic and initial data for the design, a brief description of the design of the drive in question and the principle of its operation.

The main part of the DBE contains calculations in accordance with the

The cams discussed in this manual. DBE shall meet the requirements of GOST R 1.5. National standards of the Russian Federation. Rules of construction, presentation, design and designation.

The text of the PP is written on one side of the sheet in legible handwriting

of the same color with the height of capital letters and numbers of at least 2.5 mm. Distance from format frame to text boundaries at the beginning and end of line - not less than 3 mm. The distance from the top or bottom line of the text to the top or bottom frame must be at least 10 mm. Paragraphs in texts begin with an indentation of 15 mm to 17 mm.

The conclusion should contain general conclusions on the course project.

The cover sheet is the first sheet of the document and is executed in accordance with Appendix A. The number of the sheet is not placed on the cover sheet. On the following cover sheet there should be a task for course design. Numbering of FP sheets shall be through.

The text of the PP is divided into sections and subsections. Sections shall have serial numbers within the whole DBE, indicated by Arabic numbers without a dot and written from the paragraph indent. Subsections must be numbered within each section. The subsection number consists of the section and subsection numbers separated by a dot. A point is not placed at the end of the subsection number.

Sections and subsections must have headings. Section and sub-section headings must be concise. Headers should start with a capital letter without a dot at the end without emphasizing. Word transfers in headers are not allowed. The distance between the heading and the text should be 15 mm, between the heading of the sections and subsections - 8 mm. Each section of the text document is recommended to start with a new sheet (page).

All formulas are numbered by end-to-end numbering in Arabic numerals. The number is indicated in the rightmost position on the line at the mule shape level in parentheses. Reference must be made to the source from which the formula and its values ​ ​ are accepted. The order of formula and calculation is as follows: the formula is written in symbolic form, then numerical values ​ ​ are substituted instead of characters, then the result and its dimension are placed.

The number of illustrations should be sufficient to explain the text. The illustrations should be numbered with Arabic numerals by end-to-end numbering, for example, "Figure 1." Illustrations can have a name and explanatory data (sub-drawing text) if necessary. Then the word "Figure" and the name are placed after the explanatory data and arranged as follows: "Figure 1 - Block diagram of the mechanical drive of the working machine."

When referring to an illustration, you should write "according to Figure

com 1. " The material supplementing the text of the FP can be placed in applications that may be mandatory and informational. Informational applications may be of recommended or reference nature. The text of the PP shall contain references to the annexes. The annexes are placed in order of reference.

Each application should start with a new page with the word "Annex" at the top in the middle of the page, and the word "mandatory" is written under it in parentheses for mandatory applications, and "recommended" or "reference" for information applications. For designation the applications are used capital letters of the Russian alphabet, since letter A, except for letters Yo, Z, Y, O, Ch, Y, by Kommersant.

Tables are used for better clarity and ease of comparison of indicators. The name of the table should reflect its content placed above the table. When transferring a table, the name is placed only above the first part of the table, and "Continuation of Table 1" is written over subsequent transferred parts of the table. Tables, like illustrations, are numbered with Arabic numerals by end-to-end numbering.

The graphical part of the course design shall be performed on A1 watman sheets. Drawings shall be made at 1:1 mass in accordance with the requirements of the ESKD standards. All parts shown in the general view in the drawing must have callouts with positions that are stacked after the parts list is filled in. The list of main parts is placed above the title block of the drawing. If there is no space in the drawing for the list of main parts, it is executed on separate sheets of A4 format as subsequent sheets of the general view drawing and is attached to the explanatory note for the course project.

The table of components of the product is placed on the free field of the drawing to the right of the image, above the technical requirements. If you create a general view drawing on two or more sheets, the table is placed on the first sheet.

The table consists of the graph "Pos." (item), "Designation," "Name Novelty," "Number." (quantity), and "Note." In the column "Pos." they write the position numbers of the component parts of the products. In the "Number" column, write the designations of component parts of the product, on which general-view drawings or part drawings are developed. In the column "Qty." indicate the number of components per product. In the column "Name" write names of component parts of the article and other data. The shape and dimensions of the head of the table of components of the product are given in Appendix B. It is recommended to record the components in the table in such a sequence: purchased, then newly developed products.

Products manufactured according to state standards, specifications, etc. These are electric motors, rolling bearings, fasteners, keys, pins, cuffs, etc.

Newly developed products are considered to be products on which drawings should be executed in the subsequent development stage.

When creating a list of purchased products, standard parts are written to the table, grouping them by the same names and in ascending order of sizes. After all purchased products are listed in the table, newly developed products are recorded, starting with their list of main parts. An example of filling in the table of components of the article (reduction gear box) is given in Appendix B.

Item component position numbers indicate the lines-leaders shelves drawn from the images of these parts, one end of which (crossing the contour line) ends with a point, the other - with a shelf.

Position numbers of assembly units and parts are applied above the shelves of leader lines in accordance with the position numbers specified in the table of article components.

The leader line and the shelf are drawn with a solid thin line. Li -

leader lines must not be parallel to hatch lines, and must not intersect with dimension lines.

The numbers corresponding to the balloons are placed parallel, but the title block of the drawing is outside the outline of the image so that they are placed along one horizontal or vertical line (as far as possible).

The font size of the balloons must be twice the size of the font used for the dimension numbers in this drawing.

The balloon is applied once in the drawing. A common leader line with vertical balloons is allowed:

- for the group of fasteners belonging to the same attachment place;

-For a group of parts with a distinct relationship and if it is not possible to draw a leader line to each component. In both cases, the leader line is removed from the component image, the position number of which is indicated first.

General view drawings show overall, installation, garden and connection dimensions.

Overall dimensions define limit external outlines of is- delia. Installation, connection dimensions are required to install the product in place of installation or connection to another product.

In addition to the dimensions noted above, on the drawings of the general type of reduction gear and coupling, dimensions should be applied with fits of mating surfaces, for example, gear elements on shafts and in the housing, bearings on shafts and in the housing, bearing covers in the housing, keys on shafts.

The rules for applying dimensions, fits and limit deviations on the drawings are set out in GOST 2.307.

Technical requirements for the article in the general view drawing shall be stated in accordance with GOST 2.316 and placed above the main inscription. The technical characteristic of the reduction gear indicates the torque on the slow-moving (output) shaft, the speed of rotation of the slow-moving shaft, gear ratio, efficiency.

Conclusion

The training manual provides theoretical information and a method for calculating typical types of drives and mechanical gears, which use most of the parts and assemblies of general machine building.

The presentation of the training manual provides training in the basics of design training. Students, using the teaching manual, make kinematic calculations, determine the forces acting on parts and links of assembly units, perform calculation of parts for strength, solve issues related to the selection of materials and the most technological forms of parts of individual assembly units of the drive according to the kinematic scheme given in the task for the course project.

When performing a course project, the student, using a training manual, successively passes from choosing the scheme of the mechanism of ma through the multivariability of design solutions to its implementation in ra barrel drawings, joining engineering creativity, mastering the previous experience.

Reduktor_List_1_LT.cdw

Reduktor_List_2_LT (1).cdw