Coursework - Steam generators TPP boiler TGM-84

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION

1. THERMAL CALCULATION OF THE STEAM GENERATOR

1.1 CALCULATION TASK

1.2 DETERMINATION OF THEORETICAL VOLUMES OF AIR AND COMBUSTION PRODUCTS

1.3 VOLUMES OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, VOLUME FRACTIONS OF TRIATOMIC GASES AND CONCENTRATION OF ASH PARTICLES

1.4 DETERMINATION OF ENTHALPY OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS BY GAS DUCTS

2. THERMAL BALANCE OF THE BOILER UNIT

3. THERMAL CALCULATION OF THE FURNACE

4. CALCULATION OF SUPERHEATERS

4.1 CALCULATION OF THE RADIATION WALL SUPERHEATER

4.2 CALCULATION OF THE RADIATION CEILING SUPERHEATER

4.3 CALCULATION OF THE SCREEN SUPERHEATER

5. CALCULATION OF CONVECTIVE SUPERHEATER

6. CALCULATION OF WATER ECONOMIZER 

7. CALCULATION OF THE AIR HEATER

8. Aerodynamic calculation of the boiler

8.1 Choosing a smoke exhaust

8.2 Fan selection

9. CLARIFICATION OF THERMAL BALANCE

SUMMARY TABLE OF THERMAL CALCULATION

LITERATURE

INTRODUCTION

One of the main thermal units of a steam turbine thermal power plant is a steam boiler. This is a system of heating surfaces for the production of steam from continuously entering it using  the heat released during the combustion of fuel, which is fed into the furnace along with the air.

The feed water is heated to the saturation temperature, evaporates, and the saturated steam released from the boiling boiler water is overheated. These processes are carried out in three groups of heating surfaces. Heating of water to saturation temperature occurs in the economizer, steam formation - in the steam-forming heating surface, overheating of steam - in the superheater.

 When fuel is burned, combustion products are formed - a coolant, which in the heating surfaces gives heat to water and steam, called the working medium. After the heating surfaces, the combustion products at a relatively low temperature are removed from the boiler through the chimney into the atmosphere.

The required thermal power of a steam boiler is determined by its steam capacity while ensuring the set temperature and operating pressure of superheated steam. Fuel is burned in the furnace of the boiler.

Steam boilers, depending on the movement of the working medium, are divided into boilers with natural circulation and forced circulation. A distinctive feature of steam boilers with natural and  forced circulation is the presence of a drum - a tank, with circulation in a closed hydraulic circuit and ensuring the separation of water from steam. Straight-through boilers do not have a drum, and the working medium passes through the steam-forming pipes once.

Steam boilers can have P-, T-, N-, U-shaped, four-way and tower layouts. Boilers with a U-shaped profile are widely used .

LITERATURE

1. M.I.Reznikov, Yu.M.Lipov. Steam boilers of thermal power plants. M.Energoatomizdat-1987.
2. Yu.M.Lipov, Yu.F.Samoilov, T.V.Vilensky. Layout and thermal calculation of the steam boiler. M. M.Energoatomizdat-1988.
3. Thermal calculation of boiler units (Normative method). M. Energia-1973.
4. G.I. Zhikhar Thermal calculation of steam generators: educational and methodical manual.- Minsk: BNTU, 2011.