Course project on architecture "Cinema for 345 seats"

Contents

1. Master Plan

2. Volumetric planning solutions

3. Design Solutions

3.1 Foundations

3.2 Structural walls

3.3 Covering and covering

3.4 Beams, links, columns

3.5 Partitions

3.6 Stairs, ramps

3.7 Roof

3.8 Windows, doors

3.9 Floors

4. Architectural and artistic solution

5. Sanitary and engineering equipment

6. Technical and economic indicators

Literature used

Appendix 1. Calculation of the visibility of the auditorium

Appendix 2. Calculation of evacuation time from the auditorium

Appendix 3. Acoustic calculation of the auditorium

Master Plan

Public buildings, their location and connection with general development play a large role in the composition of the city.

The cinema building is one of the significant public buildings, so it is located in the citywide center, it becomes dominant, largely determined by the silhouette and the entire architectural panorama of the district. The urban planning importance of public buildings is strengthened when they are combined in a complex. The general plan shows that the formation of public buildings occurs, is not isolated, but is closely tied together. On the site allocated for the construction of the cinema, recreation areas and parking are arranged. The site is landscaped by sowing cultural grasses, planting deciduous trees, low-growth crops, as well as coniferous trees.

Technical and economic indicators:

1. Plot Area

2. Building area

3. Landscaping area

4. Coating area

5. Building factor

6. Greening factor

2. Volumetric planning solutions

The cinema building has dimensions in the extreme axes of 33x43.2 m.

The height of the floor is 3.8 m in administrative rooms, in the auditorium the maximum height depends on the height of the screen

The main external exit and exit on the rear facade serve as evacuation routes from the administrative premises, the door on the side facade of the building from the buffet premises, a two-march staircase serves from the cinema equipment complex (2nd floor), two street exits are provided from the auditorium.

The projected cinema includes the following rooms: Auditorium; foyer (172.87m2); buffet (96.73m2); box office (two windows of 4.38 m2 each); Administrator (8.11m2); Director's Office (14.75m2); office (14.19m2); maintenance room (17.11m2); household pantry (7.22m2); electric panel and accumulator (18.53m2); acid (10.41m2); carpentry workshop (17.4m2); washing + pre-cooking (21.9m2); pantry, warehouse (8.82m2); sanitary knots; smoking (9.0m2); film projection (35.37m2); cinema mechanic's room (13.6m2); rewinding (8, 18m2); unit cooling (7.36m2).

Constructive solution

Bases

Foundation slabs of FL10.24-1 grade are used for the external bearing walls of the cinema building. For internal structural walls - FL12.24. For internal load-bearing walls foundation blocks of FBS 24.4.6T grades are used, for external load-bearing walls - FBS 24.5.6-T.

To protect the premises of the first floor from capillary penetration of moisture into them in buildings without a basement, a horizontal waterproofing layer consisting of two layers of toll is mandatory. This layer is 20 mm above the elevation and 20 mm below the elevation of the first floor field. Foundation laying depth is 1.9 m.

Structural walls

The stone walls of the building are built of bricks measuring 65x120x250. To ensure labor productivity, continuous masonry of brick walls is made of six-row - five spoon and one dressing stamen row. External walls are 510 mm wide along the entire perimeter of the building with internal insulation. The thickness of the horizontal masonry seam is 10 mm, the vertical seam is 10 mm. Masonry lightweight three-layer: Besser brick, Rockwool insulation, inner layer. Internal walls are carried out from a continuous brick of 65х120х250 in size 380 mm thick. Some internal walls are 510 mm wide for design reasons. Inner walls are made adjoining.

Covering and flooring

To cover administrative premises, multi-pillar slabs made on Bevako equipment at ZKPD4 OJSC are used. These are bench formwork panels with a length of 2400 mm to 9000 mm with a gradation of 600 mm. Floor panels are designed from class B 40 heavy concrete. Plate grades: NVK3612, NVK72-12, NVK4812. Plates are attached to external walls and attached to each other by anchors. Slabs of "TT" type 15 m long, 3 m wide, 600 mm high longitudinal edge of the slab are used in the hall cover. The grade of the plate is PTT 6150.30-2st.

Beams, Links, Columns

In the foyer and buffet there are columns with a section of 300x300 reinforced concrete. Support cushions are laid on the columns, on which reinforced concrete runs are supported. This is provided to cover the foyer and buffet space.

Openings for the installation of window and door blocks are assigned in accordance with the space planning solution of the building. For convenience of installation and reduction of cold air infiltration, laying of spacers between openings is performed with quarter-projections of outer row of masonry towards reception by quarter of brick length, i.e. by 62.5 mm. The surface of the opening is covered with prefabricated reinforced concrete bridges, the section of which is assigned in accordance with the width of the reception and static functions of the wall.

Partitions

Partitions separate separate rooms. Partitions shall provide the required sound insulation. In the cinema building, gypsum concrete partitions are used, double with a soundproofing air layer. Panel thickness 120 mm; the height is 50 mm higher than the height of the room. Slinging loops without rods of 6 mm diameter pass through the entire height of the panel and are inserted into the support bar. The panels are installed on floor slabs along a toll gasket with lined wooden wedges. In the structure of the floor with a thickness of 10 mm, they are turned on 90 mm so that the size of the approach of the upper face of the panels to the reinforced concrete slabs laid above them is at least 20 mm. When finishing the block, the gap is thoroughly hemp with pacley wetted in a gypsum solution.

Stairs, ramps

The cinema building provides one or two marching stairs - when climbing to the second floor in the premises of the cinema equipment complex. The width of the flight of stairs is 2.01 m. Staircases are located at the level of floors and between them. Staircases with special protrusions are embedded in the masonry of brick walls.. The railing is made of steel links welded to embedded elements in the side plane of the march. Handrail is made of wood.

Roof

The combined roof of the unvented type includes a protective coating, roof, bracing, insulation, steam insulation. The construction of such a coating is based on reinforced concrete multi-empty panels. To ensure maximum service life, the slope is 3%. The roof is made of two layers of non-heated material Uniflex EPV and the upper layer Uniflex EPV, and the upper one has a protective coating. Nicobar 85 film is used as vapor insulation, Rockwool insulation. In places of adjoining the parapet, the main carpet is reinforced with additional layers. The carpet is attached to the parapet with a wooden rack. The parapet ends with a parapet stone.

Windows, doors

Windows are a translucent element of the building fence. They are used for natural lighting and ventilation. The windows in the cinema building are applied wooden with two separate bindings. The window unit consists of their box having a composite section, with swing bindings suspended in them on loops. The box is attached with nails clogged into antiseptic boxes located two pieces in the side faces of the window. The gaps formed between the box and the wall are sealed with packs and covered with plaster. Sashes of window flights are framed by bindings. 4 mm thick glass is installed in the folds of the bindings. They are fixed along the perimeter with staples with an elastic gasket. From the inside, the bottom face of the window opening, located in front of it is a niche for heating appliances ,

are covered with a window sill. The windowboard is made of wood. It goes into the slot of the window box and ends in the wall. Outside, the lower face of the window opening is covered with an apron cast with cement mortar, made of galvanized roofing steel. The longitudinal edge of the apron is inserted into the edge of the box (slot), and the side edges are cast upwards to avoid moistening the corners of the opening. When designing, the size and shape of windows are slightly different from typical ones. They are made individual and are installed based on the necessary illumination of the premises and the architectural composition of the facade.

Similar to windows, the door consists of a box and flap webs opening to one side. A door encloses an opening that links spaces. The thickness of the door panels is accepted for external walls 53 mm, for internal walls 30 mm. Single-door doors are also installed in all administrative ones. Double-floor doors are installed at the entrance to the cinema and at the exit from the auditorium. The direction of door opening is generally determined by the unhindered evacuation from the premises.

The seal of the narthex, essential for the heat -, sound - and smoke protection of the enclosed opening, is provided by elastic gaskets, which are glued in single-floor doors in the vertical plane in the quarters of the box, in double-floor doors - in the same way in the quarters of the narthex of the canvases.

Door webs 2.0 m high are hung on two hinges. Locks and door handles are installed at a height of 1 m from the floor level.

Shock absorbers made of sponge rubber are installed between them and the box to protect the webs and glazing from impact. When the door boxes are installed, the slots are hemp with pacley wetted in gypsum solution and covered with platbands.

Floors

The structural solution of the floor directly corresponds to the purpose of the premises. When selecting structures, the mode of operation, interior architecture and the economic feasibility of using individual materials are taken into account. In general, the floors consist of a coating of the upper layer directly receiving external effects, and an underlying layer, a dispersing load and providing heat, moisture and partially sound insulation. The base for the floor is reinforced concrete slabs of floors or compacted soil in floors along the ground. Flooring with ceramic tiles is provided. When adjoining the floors to the walls, special attention is paid to sound insulation. Floors are separated from walls, partitions and pipelines by elastic gaskets made of the same materials as sound insulation gaskets of the underlying layer.

Architectural and artistic solution

When designing buildings to ensure the harmonic connection of all its parts and achieve the artistic greatest expressiveness of the entire building, an artistic means as asymmetry was also used. Asymmetric composition is based on the principle of harmonic equilibrium of parts and artistic unity of architectural forms, non-asymmetrically located in space. The asymmetric composition of the cinema was

predetermined by functional features and made it possible to clearly separate and simultaneously combine parts of the cinema that were different in function: administrative premises and the auditorium.

Of great importance in the composition of the building is the surfaces of the designed object on individual volumetric elements. Such buildings are well combined with large urban spaces and play a leading role in the composition of urban ensembles.

The perception of architectural space is also affected by color. Warm bed tones are used as color. One means of enriching the composition is latitudinal, which gives special expressiveness to the relief of the architectural volume.