Combined vibratory roller

Introduction

In the given heading work, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the device of the machine, understand the principle of its operation, learn the main calculations related to the selection of engine power, traction calculation, strength calculations of individual angles and units.

At the beginning of the work, you need to set a task. It is the development of a vibration roller of a combined roller.

To do this, it is necessary to carry out a patent search related to the review of existing structures and mechanisms capable of fulfilling the task. Then you need to analyze these designs, find the shortcomings and, if possible, think about ways to eliminate them.

Patent analysis and design justification

Having conducted a patent analysis of the existing designs of vibration rollers, I concluded that on rollers there are used vibration blowers with a constant or variable static moment of unbalances. Vibration exciters with constant static moment are simple in design and have the most distribution.

Vibration exciter is located inside roller and represents shaft on which unbalances are installed.

The most common design of a vibration exciter with a variable static moment is a vibration exciter with two static moment values. In such a vibration exciter, one pair of unbalances is fixed on the shaft, and the second one can rotate by a certain angle limited by special stops. When the shaft rotates in one direction, the rotary unbalances rotate 180˚ relative to the stationary ones, and the static moment becomes equal to the difference in moments of the movable and fixed unbalances.

There are rollers in which the exciters of oscillations are metal balls running around the inner surface of the roller. Movement of each ball is performed by carrier fixed on roller axis. This design allows the bearings of the vibration exciter to be unloaded.

Also, an adjustable hydraulic motor can be used to change the disturbance force, since the rotation speed of the shaft on which the unbalances are fixed affects the value of the disturbance force in the square and this method allows us to adjust the value of the disturbance force continuously.

The hydraulic system for changing the static moment of the vibration exciter is based on filling with liquid tanks located on the shaft that play the role of unbalances. Unbalanced tanks can be filled and emptied during the operation of the vibration exciter, creating a variable static moment.

In this course work, the task was set to create a vibration exciter with running rollers, which will allow unloading the shaft of the roller, thereby increasing the operability of the machine.

Metrology and standardization

The main tasks of metrology:

One of the existing factors ensuring high quality of the obtained products is compliance with the specified accuracy of the product execution in the presence of mass production. The desire to manage the quality of products requires knowledge of metrology, analysis of the accuracy of its implementation and the possibility of control. The unity of measurements in all sectors of the national economy is ensured by the state standardization system, which is responsible for metrological institutes and laboratories.

The most effective method of maintaining the unity of the measurement system is the use of standards.

According to GOST 1626370 ("State System for Ensuring Uniformity of Measurements. Metrology, terms and definitions "). The standard is a measuring tool. Providing reproduction and preservation of the unit in order to transfer its dimensions according to the verification scheme to the measuring means. The standard is reproduced with the highest metrological accuracy, sufficient at this stage of the development of science and technology.

The main tasks of metrology are:

- development of the general theory of measurements;

- establishment of uniform physical quantities and their systems;

- Development of measurement methods and instruments;

- setting of standards.

The main objectives of standardization are:

Standardization - Establish and apply rules to streamline activities in a given area for the benefit and participation of all stakeholders, in particular in compliance with operating conditions and safety requirements. In advanced engineering, the organization of the production of machines and other products on the basis of interchangeability is of great importance. The standards are based on combining the achievements of science, technology, practical experience and determine the foundations not only of the present, but also of the future development of production.

In carrying out this diploma project, the following GOST were used:

GOST 2.10595 ESKD. General requirements for text documentation;

GOST 2.00488 ESKD. General requirements for execution of design and process documents on printing and graphic computer output devices;

GOST 2.10468 CMEA 10474;

Art. CMEA 365776 ESKD - Main inscriptions;

GOST 2.10668 ESKD - Text Documentation;

GOST 2.10668 CMEA 251680 ESKD - Specifications;

GOST 2.10973 CMEA 85878;

CMEA 118278 ESKD - Basic requirements for drawings;

GOST 2.10368 CMEA 118178 ESKD - Formats;

GOST 2.30268 CMEA 118778 ESKD - Scale;

CMEA 117878 ESKD - Lines;

GOST 2.30568 ESKD - Images, views, sections and sections;

GOST 2.30768 ESKD - Application of dimensions and limit deviations;

GOST 2.30868 ESKD - Indication on the drawings of tolerances, shape and arrangement of surfaces;

GOST 2.30968 CMEA 163279 ESKD - Surface roughness designation;

GOST 2.31168 CMEA 28476 ESKD - Thread image;

GOST 2.13668 CMEA 85678 ESKD - Rules for application of inscriptions, technical requirements and tables on drawings;

GOST 278973 CMEA 63877 - Surface roughness, parameters and characteristics;

GOST 2534688 st. CMEA 14575 - Unified system of tolerances and fits; General provisions, tolerance series and main deviations;

GOST 779670 - Hexagonal head bolts;

GOST 640170 - Washers;

STB 101495 - Mechanical engineering products, parts;

STB 102296 - Assembly units;

Conclusion

As a result of the performed course work, the vibration exciter mechanism of the vibration roller was designed, and the roller was calculated. A great contribution to the work done was made through a patent search, thanks to which I was able to choose the most suitable technical solution.

Doing this job, I began to look at certain things differently and am very happy about it, since it will be useful in the future.