Calculation and design of the foundations of a residential building in the city of Nizhny Novgorod

Introduction

The purpose of this course project is to develop foundations for a 9-storey residential building with an extension in Smolensk and calculate the bases according to the limit states of group 2 .

The purpose of the course design is to establish the name of soils, their condition, the value of the design resistance; determination of the value of loads acting on foundations; selection of rational type of foundation (shallow foundation or pile foundation) and its calculation; calculation of bases by limit states; design the most rational foundation; select a zero-cycle work flow chart; make a conclusion on the final results of this project.

1. constructing a geological section

Construction is underway in Smolensk. First, the issue of tying the designed structure on the plan is decided. Since the plan does not indicate the development, then, therefore, we have a free binding. In this case, the condition of illumination of the facility, the direction of action of the dominant winds in the construction area, the zero balance of work in the construction area are taken into account. We place the residential building with a long side along the axis connecting wells No. 3 and No. 1. The windows of the house are not facing north, which means that the solar condition of the premises is met.

The first direction for the construction of a geological section is along the long side of the object, i.e. along the axis connecting wells No. 3 and No. 1. The second direction is along the axis connecting wells No. 1 and No. 2.

Geological section is built on the following scales: vertical M 1:100 and horizontal M 1:500.

Select Base View

Judging by the geological section, the site has a calm relief with absolute elevations of 159.60 m, 160.10 m, 159.90 m.

Soil has aged soil deposition. Soils, being in a natural state, can serve as the basis for foundations of shallow laying. For this type of foundation, the base will be layer No. 4 - refractory loam with R0 = 198.45 kPa.

For the pile foundation, it is better to use layer No. 5 - medium-density sand with R0 = 400 kPa as the working layer.

Foundation Design

Based on the final dimensions of the foundations established by the calculation according to the 2nd limit state, the foundations are designed.

After geodetic breakdown of the axes of the building, the foundations of the slabs are installed using cranes. Upon completion of the foundation installation of the slabs, the installation of the foundations of the blocks is started.

To ensure spatial stiffness of the prefabricated foundation, communication between longitudinal and transverse walls is provided by binding and foundation blocks or laying in horizontal seams of reinforcement grids with a diameter of 8-10 mm. After wall blocks are laid, basement panels for residential building are installed.

To prevent leaching of concrete, waterproofing with hot bitumen is provided 2 times.

Concrete paving is provided for waste water removal from the building.

Structural solutions of foundations are given in the drawing.

Нижн. Новгород.dwg