Assessment of hygienic condition of residential buildings

Contents

Introduction

Source Data

1. Assessment of the solar regime of the territory of the microdistrict

1.1 Construction of the Solar Panel

1.2 Construction of insochron

2. Assessment of the aeration regime of the territory of the microdistrict

3. Assessment of the acoustic mode of the territory of the microdistrict

4 Comprehensive assessment of sanitary and hygienic conditions of the territory environment

residential district

Conclusion......................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 List of sources used

Introduction

When designing landscaping and landscaping of urban buildings, it is necessary to take into account the complex influence of various both natural climatic and anthropogenic factors. A rational and competent design solution taking into account these factors allows you to significantly improve the comfort of the environment, increase stability, decorative plantations and planning solutions.

In this work, a set of works has been completed, which include the study of the following issues.

1. Assessment of the solar regime of the territory of the microdistrict.

2. Assessment of the aeration regime of the territory of the microdistrict.

3. Assessment of the acoustic mode of the territory of the microdistrict

4. Comprehensive assessment of the sanitary and hygienic environment of the microdistrict.

The analysis of the hygienic state of residential development affects the architectural and planning situations of part of the residential area, allows you to determine the place of the designed object in terms of the city, district, microdistrict, as well as the planning structure of both the design object and adjacent areas, the type and purpose of the development, the categories of roadways, categories of landscaping objects, as well as the relationship of these components with each other.

Source Data

The initial data for the development of the project is a task in the form of a microdistrict diagram developed during the course project "Planning of the microdistrict in Nastinland" in the discipline "Planning, development and reconstruction of populated areas."

This microdistrict with an area of ​ ​ 17.10 hectares is located in the projected urban settlement of Nastinland in the urban district of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The number of inhabitants is 2750 people .

Data on repeatability and wind speed are taken from Appendix 4 of SNiPa 2.01.0182 "Construction climatology." In this area, the adjacent winds of the northern direction

Geographical latitude of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk 46 ° 57 "n .;

The microdistrict is surrounded by highways of the first category - Mira St., the second category - Lenin St. and Solnechnaya St., the third category - Dorozhnay. The design of the microdistrict is presented in Figure 1.

Construction of insochron

Method facilitating solution of problem, detection of areas of greatest and smallest shading consists in the fact that on the basis of constructed group of shadows lines - insochrones are carried out, which show actual duration of insolation of different sections of general zone of shading. Insochrones are passed through points of intersection of boundaries of hourly shade figures. Each insochrona is marked with a corresponding index showing the duration of insolation: I12, I-11, etc.

Thus, the insochron system shows a certain pattern of the distribution of the duration of insolation on the site: the closer the site is to home, the less it is irradiated by the sun.

The diagram of the solar mode of the microdistrict is shown in Figure 4.

In the designed microdistrict, the normalized duration of continuous insolation of the building area is more than three hours. The smallest duration of insolation is 5 hours. It can be concluded that the layout of the microdistrict meets the requirements of continuous solar insulation of development.

Comprehensive assessment of the sanitary and hygienic environment of the microdistrict

In this section we evaluate all factors that make the environment hygienic (insolation, wind, noise). By imposing aeration, noise, insolation regimens, we obtain the territory of the microdistrict, which can be divided according to the degree of favorability of the zones: favorable, unfavorable, and especially unfavorable, relatively favorable and favorable. The layout of the microdistrict everywhere meets the requirements of continuous solar insulation of development, the aeration regime, therefore, we do not take them into account in a comprehensive assessment.

71% of the area of ​ ​ the microdistrict is occupied by a favorable zone. In this zone there are no negative factors affecting the sanitary environment. The unfavorable zone includes the entire area affected by noise. The area of ​ ​ this zone is 29%. 638 people live in the noise exposure zone. The scheme of integrated assessment of sanitary and hygienic conditions of the microdistrict is presented in Figure 11.

In general, the planning of the microdistrict meets the requirements of a comprehensive assessment of the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the environment of the territory during protective measures.

Conclusion

In this course project, methods of reconstruction, general surveys during the reconstruction of residential buildings were studied. There is a special dependence of the ecology of the interior on the insolation and noise modes of air exchange in the territory. It is these parameters that are discussed in the work.

We learned to build insolation, aeration schedules, insochrones and noise discomfort zones.

The planning of the microdistrict meets the requirements of a comprehensive assessment of the sanitary and hygienic environment of the territory.

This work is a practical fixation of the theoretical material studied in the lecture course of the discipline "Ecology of the urban environment."

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