8-storey residential building with built-in attached premises - diploma

Source Data

This section is based on:

- decisions of the master plan and relief organization;

-architecture and planning solutions and in accordance with the requirements of the chapters:

SNiP 2.01.0785 "Loads and impacts."

SNB 5.01.0199 "Bases and foundations of buildings and structures."

SNB 5.03.01 02 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures."

SNiP II2281 "Stone and armstone structures."

SNiP II2381 "Steel structures."

SNiP 2.01.0285 "Fire Safety Standards."

SNB 5.08.012000 "Roofs."

SNB 2.02.0198 "Fire and technical classification of buildings, building structures and materials."

SNiP 3.03.01 87; P -1-99k SNiP 3.03.01 87 "Design and Arrangement of Thermal Insulation of External Walls of Buildings by" Thermal Noise "Method.

According to SNiP 2.01.07 85 multi-storey residential building refers to the level of responsibility - increased, with the reliability factor by purpose.

Load standard values.

- wind pressure - 0.23 kPa

- weight of snow cover - 1.20 kPa

Time evenly distributed:

- corridors, stairs - 3.0 kPa

- universal office premises, domestic premises - 2.0 kPa

- technical rooms - 2.0 kPa

- attic rooms 0.7 kPa

- operating parking lot for passenger cars -12.0 kPa

Engineering and geological surveys of the site for the projected construction of an apartment building with underground garages were carried out in September 2003 by the Favorit Engineering and Production Society (object 30012003 Ilim)

The projected construction site is located in Minsk in the quarter of Parkovaya - Per. Guards.

Geomorphologically, the research site is confined to the Minsk Sea Hill. The site is partially built up with garages. The relief of the site is flat, with a slight slope in the western direction. Absolute wellhead elevations vary within 212.920... 215.910 m.

Conditions of surface runoff are satisfactory, active geological processes are not established.

At the intended depth of foundation laying, soils with the following characteristics will be the natural basis for them:

IGE2 - medium-sized sand of medium strength:

= 17.0 kN/m3; C = 0.001 MPa; = 360; E = 23 MPa.

EGE 3 - gravelly sand of medium strength:

= 18.1 kN/m3; C = 0 MPa; = 300; E = 21 MPa;

- EGE 3b - low-strength gravelly sand:

= 18.1 kN/m3; C = 0 MPa; = 260; E = 8 MPa;

Groundwater is opened from a depth of 7.8m (well 10) - 11.3m (well 7), which corresponds to absolute elevations of 205.120... 203.41 m. Underground waters are sporadic and confined to layers of sand enclosed in the clay thickness of moraine deposits. During the period of spring snowmelt and heavy precipitation, the formation of water of the "headwaters" type with a capacity of up to 0.5 m in bulk soils along the roof of clay deposits is possible.

Engineering and geological conditions of the site are conditionally favorable for the construction of the designed residential building on natural grounds.

For the reference elevation 0.000, which corresponds to absolute elevation 216.900, the level of the clean floor of the first floor of the residential building is taken.

1.2 Space Planning Solution

The residential building is a single-section 8-story rectangular building with plan sizes of 27.3x21.55 m.

The first floor of the apartment building is occupied by office space .

In the basement there are technical rooms - a heat station, an electric panel, a fire fighting pump and heated parking for cars.

An underground heated parking lot for cars is attached to the building in the basement to the axes "A" and "8."

The underground part of the attached parking lot is separated by temperature shrinkage seams from the 8th storey part of the residential building .

The spatial calculation of the building for stability is performed according to the "SCAD" program.

1.3 Design Solutions

1.3.1 Underground part of the building

The underground part of the house is made mainly at elevation -4.500 and is used for parking cars. Parking room - heated. Partially at elevation -3.300 there is a heat station, an electric panel, a fire extinguishing pump. At elevation -2.800 there is a technical underground.

The attached part is separated from the structures of the residential building by a deformation joint.

External walls of the basement of the residential building along the axes "1"; "E"; "G" are buried relative to the planning elevation of the ground by 3 m or more and perceive the lateral pressure of the soil without transferring it to the frame of the house. These walls are monolithic, reinforced concrete to the entire height with a thickness of 300 mm from C20/25 class concrete and are pinched in the foundation slab .

The external walls of the attached parking lot are designed as monolithic, reinforced concrete. Parking walls on axes "Zh", "A/4" and "11" are completely buried and perceive the side pressure of soil. These walls are cast-in-situ to the entire height of 300mm thick from C20/25 class concrete and are pinched in the foundation slab.

The base of the columnar foundations of the residential building will be soils with the following characteristics:

IGE2 - medium-sized sand of medium strength:

= 17.0 kN/m3; C = 0.001 MPa; = 360; E = 23 MPa.

EGE 3 - gravelly sand of medium strength:

= 18.1 kN/m3; C = 0 MPa; = 300; E = 21 MPa;

- EGE 3b - low-strength gravelly sand:

= 18.1 kN/m3; C = 0 MPa; = 260; E = 8 MPa;

For wells No. 4; 5; 10... 14 at the foundation laying elevation (absolute elevation 211,600), low-strength gravelly sand with a low deformation modulus (E = 8MPa) is opened, which cannot serve as the foundation base without additional measures.

It is necessary to provide their sealing. Considering that the construction of a residential building and an underground garage will be carried out separately, soil compaction is divided into two zones.

To reduce the level of dynamic impacts on existing buildings, a deep compaction of these soils is provided in the area of ​ ​ the residential building by means of a geomassive from sandstone piles. The value of deformation modulus after compaction shall be at least E = 25MPa at a depth of 2.9 m from the foundation bottom elevation. In the area of ​ ​ wells No. 5, compaction with vibration rolls should be carried out after compaction of soils with sandstone piles. Before compaction with vibration rolls fill the crushed stone layer with 100mm.

In places where the geomass from sand-and-grass piles is not performed, the base soils should be compacted with vibration rolls weighing at least 8.0t by gravel layer with thickness of 100mm.

Low-strength soil - gravelly sand at the base of the foundations of the garage is partially selected to a depth of 1.5 m from the bottom of the foundations and is stored. Compaction of low-strength soil lying below the layer is performed by vibration rolls with passage of one layer up to 12 times. Then the selected soil is filled with 200300mm layers to the accepted level of the bottom of the foundations with layer-by-layer compaction by vibration rolls.

Design loads on columns range from 75.0 t to 444.0 t.

The type of foundations is accepted based on the assessment of the bearing capacity of the soils of the base, produced according to NSS 5.01.01 99.

For the columnar monolithic foundation for the most loaded column of the residential building frame, the standard load value will be = 448 tons; = 5 tons.

The design soil resistance of the base and the dimensions of the foundation base for the column, respectively, will be R = 337.8 kPa; F = 3 .3x3.3 = 10.89 m ². The height is determined from the push condition.

The type of foundations for the external monolithic walls of the attached parking lot is accepted based on the bearing capacity of the soils of the base produced in accordance with SNB5.01.0199 .

For the columnar monolithic foundation for the column of the frame of the attached parking along the axis "9/D," the standard load value will be N = 103.6 t; M = 2 tons

The design soil strength of the base will be R = 28.52 t/m ². The size of the foundation foot for the column will accordingly be 2.4x2.4m.

The structure of the underground part of the attached garage is a monolithic reinforced concrete frame consisting of 40.0 x 40.0 cm columns and monolithic beams. The coating is made in a prefabricated monolithic version and is designed for the load from the movement of the fire engine NK10.

As an insulator over the underground parking lot for cars, polystyrene foam plates PSBS = 50 kg/m ³ were used.

Vertical and horizontal waterproofing are provided to protect the walls of the underground part from capillary moisture and atmospheric water:

- vertical on the surface in contact with the soil - by painting with hot bitumen mastic in 2 times;

- horizontal, in the level of the basement floor is made of cement sand mortar of 1:2 composition with a thickness of 2030 mm;

- horizontal above the ground surface - from 2 layers of waterproofing material glued together with mastic.

To protect the basement from headwaters and capillary moisture along the perimeter of the walls of the residential building, paving is performed with a width of 1.0m according to part 52 of series 2.1101 issue 1.

1.3.2 Above ground part of the building

The above-ground part of the building of a residential building with a height of 8 floors with a technical floor above the entire volume is made in a monolithic frame .

On the ground floor there are offices, 2... 8 floors are designed for housing.

The external dimensions of the building are 27.3x21.55 m. The height of the first floor is 3.3m, the height of the standard floor is 3m, the height of the technical floor is 1.6m. Reinforced concrete columns of the frame are accepted with a section of 40x40 cm, in some places 50x50 cm.

The frame of the building with flat riggless monolithic floors is a frame-link structural system that receives vertical and horizontal (wind) loads and provides strength, rigidity and spatial stability due to the joint work of columns, pylons, diaphragms of stiffness and overlap.

Calculation of the building frame is performed according to "SCAD" program

The spatial invariability of the building frame is provided by the stiffness core. Along the axes "3" and "6" between the axes "DG," along the axes "D," "D" between the axes "3... 6," monolithic reinforced concrete diaphragms with a thickness of 200 mm are provided.

All monolithic slabs of one thickness -200mm. Plate thickness is taken on the basis of calculation for column pressing. Holes are provided in floor slabs to pass utilities.

Floor slabs are reinforced with bound reinforcement of class S 500 in upper and lower zones. Additional fittings are installed in the supra-column areas. Along the perimeter of the columns in sections 1.5h from the face, the installation of transverse reinforcement is provided. Beams are reinforced with knitted reinforcement, columns - with spatial welded frames according to the customer's task.

To ensure normative resistance to heat transfer = 2.0m ² C/W, the external walls of the building are made of cellular units manufactured by Zabolova on glue. Wall thickness 400mm. Cast-in-situ columns to the entire height of the building are insulated by mineral wool slabs of FAS -4 grade with a thickness of 60mm according to RADEX technology.

Internal inter-room partitions - blocks of cellular concrete manufactured by "Zabolova" with a thickness of 120 mm per glue, partitions of bathrooms, bathrooms - blocks of cellular concrete with a thickness of 120 mm per glue, followed by finishing with waterproofing composition "Polymix GS." Inter-apartment walls are made of cellular blocks with thickness of 250mm per glue.

The walls of the elevator shafts are monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 200mm and are separated from the monolithic slabs by soundproofing gaps with a width of 35mm.

The stairways of the unfamiliar staircase are solved in the prefabricated version to a floor height of 3 m. Sites - cast-in-situ slabs with a thickness of 200 mm. Load-bearing stair beams - monolithic reinforced concrete .

Ventilation of living rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, bathrooms, office rooms is carried out via combined ventilating blocks on B1.134 series - 7, poetazhno overlappings, operty on plates.

The structure of the garbage duct is mounted, floor-by-floor resting on the floor slabs, according to the series B1.189.9 -7.

Slabs of polystyrene foam grades PSBS = 25 kg/m3 are used as insulation in the floor of the technical floor.

The roof above the building volume is flat, combined with a roll coating, with an internal organized drain.

Responsible structures subject to interim acceptance under author supervision:

- reinforcement of columnar foundations (selectively);

-Betonation of foundations (selectively);

- hydraulic isolation works (selectively);

- reinforcement of columns and slabs;

- reinforcement and concreting of walls (selectively);

- insulation of walls (selectively);

- blood works (selectively).

Conclusion

The diploma project was developed on the topic: "An 8-story residential building with built-in attached premises."

The selection of the site for construction is accepted taking into account engineering conditions and ensuring the reliability of the building.

The project for the construction of an "8-storey residential building with built-in attached premises" was developed in accordance with the current regulatory documents of the Republic of Belarus by a fifth-year student of group 112160 Tasminsky Dmitry Kazimirovich specialty "Industrial and Civil Construction" of the Belarusian National Technical University .

The materials and mechanisms used in the project are the most environmentally friendly, economical and easy to install and process, which ensured a significant reduction in the time and cost of construction.

The project meets the requirements of environmental, sanitary, fire and other existing requirements, norms and rules, and ensures optimal and safe operation of the facility for life and health of people.

The economic part is made in accordance with the prices of the current year.

The diploma project was completed in accordance with the normative building documents of the Republic of Belarus.