70-seat perinatal center in Bryansk - architecture, foundations, structures

Contents

Introduction

1. Master Plan

1.1 Justification of placement on the construction site

1.2 Entrances and approaches to the building

1.3 Landscaping and improvement of the site

2. Space Planning Solution

2.1 Purpose of building, peculiarities of functional process, main groups of rooms

2.2 Justification of mutual location of main groups and rooms, functional diagram

2.3 Volume and planning parameters

3. Constructive solution

3.1 Description of the structural diagram of the building

3.2 Description of load-bearing structures, foundations, walls, floors, roof, determination of foundation depth

3.4 Heat Engineering Wall and Coating Calculation

4. Architectural and compositional solution

4.1 Techniques and means of architectural composition and artistic 25 expressiveness of the building used in the project

4.2 Construction finishing materials

5. Building engineering equipment

Conclusion

Annex A. Main room normal

Appendix B. Bibliographic list

Introduction

Perinatal Center is an institution of maternity care, providing all types of high-tech and expensive medical inpatient care in

obstetrics, gynecology, neonatalogy, including neonatal surgery, as well as outpatient, counselling and copper-co-rehabilitation care for women and young children.

This building is designed taking into account natural and climatic features and meets the main requirements. It provides the necessary convenience for women, children, medical and maintenance personnel (sufficient room size and optimal volume-area ratio, proper illumination and

sound insulation), has suitable structures, satisfies sanitary,

fire safety requirements. It has an architectural and artistic quality.

Perinatal center for 70 places. By territorial location in the city

refers to health facilities of district importance.

Building classification

• By functional purpose: public;

• By storey: low-rise;

• By the material of the main load-bearing structures: stone;

• According to the method of erection: from small-sized elements (brick);

• By construction system: Hand masonry building;

• In terms of durability: II degree;

• By degree of fire resistance: II degree;

• By capital class: 2 classes;

• Structural system: wall;

• As per structural diagram: with longitudinal and transverse bearing

walls;

• By the arrangement of the attic space: attic-free;

• According to the method of water removal from the coating: with internal drainage.

The building is equipped with the following sanitary and technical systems :

central heating, plenum ventilation, cold and hot

water supply, sewerage, electricity supply.

General construction site data:

On instructions, a perinatal center for 70 places in Bryansk was designed.

The building is designed in climatic area IIB [1]. All detailed drawings were completed in AutoCAD 2010. All thermal calculations were made in accordance with the following conditions:

duration of heating period 205 days [1];

average air temperature of this period minus 2.3С [1];

ground freezing depth 1.6 m [1];

design temperature of internal air plus 25 С [2];

air temperature of the coldest five-day period minus 26 ° С [1].

1. Master Plan

1.1 Justification of location in the area of the designed building

The plot plan of the perinatal center site is drawn up in

in accordance with applicable public design codes and regulations

buildings.

The building is designed in the system of comprehensive service of the population in

according to the planning of the development of this city, as well as taking into account the creation

convenient transport connection with the city center and districts.

The size of the land plot is accepted according to [3] 3 ha. The parking lot is designed for 10 cars. Parking width for the car 2.3 by 5 m. [4]. Also on the territory of the Peri-Natal Center there are: a blood transfusion department with a medical and genetic laboratory, a boarding house for visitors, a pathoanatomic department [7].

1.2 Entrances and approaches to the building

The building is provided with access facilities for fire engines and

service transport. The width of the main passages is 6 m [3]. Sidewalks 2 m wide [3] are arranged along the main road.

The entrance to the perinatal center building is through the front entrance to the

central part of the building and four auxiliary parts, one of which serves for

unloading of brought products, the second for employees of the central

the styrilisation department, the third for emergency cases of resuscitation and the fourth leads to the reception department. There are also three evacuation spare exits from the building: spare exits under stairs adjacent to the outer walls, and spare exit from the ancestral box. The radius of rounding of roads and driveways is taken at [3] 5 meters.

Dead end passage 40 m long (not more than 150 m) ends

a turntable enabling the reversal of garbage trucks, harvesters and fire engines. [3]

1.3 Landscaping and landscaping of the site

The improvement complex includes: sidewalks, parking for cars, a fountain, benches, urns. To improve the territory, landscaping is used at least 60 percent [7]: plantations of deciduous and evergreen trees, lawns. Landscaping works are provided according to [3] for IIB climatic area. Distances from buildings, structures to trees and shrubs are accepted as per Table 4 [3]

Around the building, along its perimeter, there is a pavement (according to [3]), which fits tightly to the base of the building and has a slope of i = 0.03 (or 3%). The stages of the external stairs are designed from concrete grade M300 and frost resistance 150, and have

slope of at least 1% towards the overlying stage, as well as along the stage.

4. Architectural and compositional solution

4.1. Techniques and means of architectural composition and artistic expression of the building

The architectural composition is chosen in accordance with the artistic, functional and structural and technological requirements for the building. In determining the architectural composition, the determining factors were the functional purpose and its aesthetic significance. The appearance of the building is solved in a modern style.

The composition of the internal space of the building is the construction of rooms, which is based on the unity of functional expediency of each room and their functional connection to each other.

The tectonics of the architectural composition is determined by the structural diagram of the building. Maintaining proportionate relationships between individual elements increases the architectural expressiveness of the building .

The voluminous composition of the building has high architectural and artistic qualities that have a great emotional effect on a person. As an artistic means for enriching the composition, a repeatedly repeated rhythm of typical elements of the architectural interpretation of the facade (a large number of windows) was used.

The use of composites helps to achieve expressiveness of the bulk composition. When designing the building, the following means of harmonizing architectural forms were used:

a) Rhythm

The simplest rhythm is used - a meter, metric constructions are developed horizontally, alternating the same and single-character architectural forms (windows, protons)

b) Color

Color highlights or neutralizes features, integrates them, or, conversely, explodes, detects volume ratios, and facilitates orientation in space.

c) Scale; is expressed in comparison of the size of elements (doors, windows) with the size of a person;

4.2. Construction finishing materials

Floors:

In the premises mentioned above, we put linoleum, with the exception of bathrooms ,

sanitary passageways, showers, klysmen and above said departments, here we use ceramic tiles, in the halls, corridors and vestibules we put marble.

Walls:

They are painted with silicate paints throughout the building, except for bathrooms, operating rooms, generic, preoperative, shower, klysmen, walls of the premises of the central styrilisation department and laundry, glazed tiles are used here.

Ceilings:

Everywhere suspended, with built-in lighting devices.

Roof:

It is made of rolled materials with the provision of the necessary slopes due to the device of bracing from light concrete, minerovate slabs are used as insulation.

5. Building engineering equipment

The main systems of engineering equipment of the building that create comfortable conditions are power supply systems, telephone network and radialization, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage systems.

5.1 Heating

Heating and hot water supply is designed from main heating networks with lower wiring. Heating devices are convectors. There are also continuous electric heating devices for standby hot water supply according to [7].

5.2 Water supply

The building provides domestic, fire-fighting and hot water supply, as well as sewerage and drains. The source of water supply is the urban water supply network.

5.3 Drainage

Water disposal is centralized. Household sewage is diverted to the city sewage network.

5.4 Ventilation

Ventilation of rooms ensures air cleanliness and required parameters of air medium and microclimate in terms of temperature and humidity by removing excess moisture and heat from the rooms. The building provides for natural organized ventilation, carried out by supplying and removing air through special ventilation channels, or by opening windows and windows, as well as plenum and exhaust ventilation with a mechanical impulse.

Air conditioning is provided in operational, patrimonial, postoperative chambers, chambers of intensive therapy, resuscitation and also in chambers for newborn children, the chest, premature, injured children. Air ducts of plenum ventilation systems are provided in these rooms.

5.5 Power supply

Electric receivers of rooms of operating units, intensive care units, post-operation chambers, corridors and escape routes and emergency lighting of these rooms are provided by electric power through two lines with ATS device from different transformers of one transformer substation or from two transformer substations.

At the inputs of the mains feeding the physiotherapy and X-ray diagnostics rooms, the ground of the zero wire is re-grounded by artificial earthing agents.

5.6 Telephone Network and Radialization

Telephone communication and radio communication are provided from city networks. Radialization is provided in the offices of doctors and at the posts of nurses on duty.